Kain
Mapa
Informace ze slovníku
[od téhož slovního kořene jsou v hebr. výrazy: kovář, kopí, ale též zpívati žalozpěv!].
1. Podle [Gn 4,1 n] prvorozený syn Adama a Evy, zakladatel rolnictví; zabil svého bratra Ábela, protože Hospodin nepřijal jeho oběť [Žd 11,4 ]. Stal se poběhlíkem a nosil na sobě znamení, které Hospodin vložil na něj [Gn 4,1 - Gn 4,25 ]. Konečně se usadil v krajině Nod, kde založil město. To rozhodlo i o jeho náboženství ("před tváří tvou skrývati se budu" [Gn 4,14 ]), neboť Hospodinu nelze sloužit v ,nečisté" zemi [Am 7,17 ; Ez 4,13 ]. Přesto však oko Hospodinovo bdí nad ním. Jeho rod vynikl v umění kovotepeckém. Beduini jej pokládají za svého praotce. Zmínka o něm v [1J 3,12 ]. Sr. [1J 3,9 - 1J 3,10 ; Ju 1,11 ; Žd 11,4 ]. Původně snad za vypravováním [Gn 4,1 n] vězí pradávný rozpor mezi nomády a rolníky [Gn 4,2 ], mezi obětí zvířecí a rostlinnou [Gn 4,3 - Gn 4,4 ] a vůbec mezi rozličným pojetím bohoslužby. "Pole" ve [Gn 4,8 ] znamenalo snad posvátné pole. K. je pokládán za praotce Kenitů (Kral. *Cinejských [Sd 4,11 ]), potulných řemeslníků a hudebníků [Gn 4,17 - Gn 4,21 ].
2. Vesnice téhož jména v horách Judských [Joz 15,57 ] jv od Hebronu.
Zdroj: Biblický slovník (Adolf Novotný - 1956)
Cain
a possession; a spear.
(1.) The first-born son of Adam and Eve (Gen 4:1 etc.). He became a tiller of the ground, as his brother Abel followed the pursuits of pastoral life. He was "a sullen, self-willed, haughty, vindictive man; wanting the religious element in his character, and defiant even in his attitude towards God." It came to pass "in process of time" (marg. "at the end of days"), i.e., probably on the Sabbath, that the two brothers presented their offerings to the Lord. Abel's offering was of the "firstlings of his flock and of the fat," while Cain's was "of the fruit of the ground." Abel's sacrifice was "more excellent" (Heb 11:4) than Cain's, and was accepted by God. On this account Cain was "very wroth," and cherished feelings of murderous hatred against his brother, and was at length guilty of the desperate outrage of putting him to death (1John 3:12). For this crime he was expelled from Eden, and henceforth led the life of an exile, bearing upon him some mark which God had set upon him in answer to his own cry for mercy, so that thereby he might be protected from the wrath of his fellow-men; or it may be that God only gave him some sign to assure him that he would not be slain (Gen 4:15 ). Doomed to be a wanderer and a fugitive in the earth, he went forth into the "land of Nod", i.e., the land of "exile", which is said to have been in the "east of Eden," and there he built a city, the first we read of, and called it after his son's name, Enoch. His descendants are enumerated to the sixth generation. They gradually degenerated in their moral and spiritual condition till they became wholly corrupt before God. This corruption prevailed, and at length the Deluge was sent by God to prevent the final triumph of evil. (See ABEL)
(2.) A town of the Kenites, a branch of the Midianites (Josh 15:57), on the east edge of the mountain above Engedi; probably the "nest in a rock" mentioned by Balaam (Num 24:21 ). It is identified with the modern Yekin, 3 miles south-east of Hebron.
EBD - Easton's Bible Dictionary