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jedno ze skladištních měst, které vystavěli Izraelští egyptskému faraónovi po smrti Josefově [Ex 1,11 ]. Leželo při sv hranicích Egypta vedle průplavu, spojujícího Nil se zálivem rudomořským. Dnes se ukazují zbytky tohoto města u Tell-el-Maschuta v údolí Tumilat. Jeho stáří jde nejméně do VI. dynastie; ale bylo znovu a znovu přestavováno. Při vykopávkách byly nalezeny cihly, zhotovené bez obvyklé slámy [Ex 5,10 - Ex 5,12 ]. V době Ptolemejců dostalo toto město jméno Heroonpolis, kterým LXX překládá příznačně jméno Gesen [Gn 46,28 ].
Zdroj: Biblický slovník (Adolf Novotný - 1956)
Pithom
Egyptian, Pa-Tum, "house of Tum," the sun-god, one of the "treasure" cities built for Pharaoh Rameses II. by the Israelites (Ex 1:11 ). It was probably the Patumos of the Greek historian Herodotus. It has now been satisfactorily identified with Tell-el-Maskhuta, about 12 miles west of Ismailia, and 20 east of Tel-el-Kebir, on the southern bank of the present Suez Canal. Here have recently (1883) been discovered the ruins of supposed grain-chambers, and other evidences to show that this was a great "store city." Its immense ruin-heaps show that it was built of bricks, and partly also of bricks without straw. Succoth (Ex 12:37 ) is supposed by some to be the secular name of this city, Pithom being its sacred name. This was the first halting-place of the Israelites in their exodus. It has been argued (Dr. Lansing) that these "store" cities "were residence cities, royal dwellings, such as the Pharaohs of old, the Kings of Israel, and our modern Khedives have ever loved to build, thus giving employment to the superabundant muscle of their enslaved peoples, and making a name for themselves."
EBD - Easton's Bible Dictionary