Kadesh-Barnea
Beskrivelse
Kadesh — hellig, eller Kadesh-Barnea, hellig ørken for vandring, et sted på den sydøstlige grænse af Palæstina, omkring 165 mil fra Horeb. Det lå i “Zins ørken” (1Mos 14:7 ; 4Mos 13:3 –26; 14:29–33; 20:1; 27:14), på grænsen til Edom (20:16). Fra dette sted sendte Moses, efter folkets ønske, “tolv spioner” for at udforske landet. Efter at have undersøgt det i alle dets distrikter, bragte spionerne en dårlig rapport tilbage, kun Josva og Kaleb gav en god rapport om landet (13:18–31). Påvirket af den nedslående rapport opgav folket al håb om at komme ind i det forjættede land. De blev en betydelig tid i Kadesh. (Se HORMAH; KORAH.) På grund af deres vantro blev de dømt af Gud til at vandre i ørkenen i otteogtredive år. De tog deres rejse fra Kadesh ind i Parans ørkener, “ved Det Røde Havs vej” (5Mos 2:1 ). (En teori er, at de i løbet af disse otteogtredive år blev i og omkring Kadesh.)
Ved slutningen af disse år med vandringer blev stammerne for anden gang samlet i Kadesh. Under deres ophold her døde Miriam og blev begravet. Her knurrede folket over mangel på vand, som deres forfædre tidligere havde gjort ved Rephidim; og Moses, irriteret over deres bebrejdelser, “slå med sin stav på klippen to gange,” i stedet for at “tale til klippen for deres øjne,” som Herren havde befalet ham (sammenlign 4Mos 27:14 ; 5Mos 9:23 ; Sl 106:32 , 33). På grund af denne handling, som også Aron var involveret i, skulle ingen af dem have lov til at sætte fod i det forjættede land (4Mos 20:12 , 24). Edoms konge ville ikke tillade dem at passere gennem hans territorium, og derfor begyndte de en østgående march og “kom til bjerget Hor” (20:22).
Dette sted er blevet identificeret med 'Ain el-Kadeis, omkring 12 mil øst-sydøst for Beersheba. (Se SPIONER.)
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Kadesh (1)
holy, or Kadesh-Barnea, sacred desert of wandering, a place on the south-eastern border of Palestine, about 165 miles from Horeb. It lay in the "wilderness" or "desert of Zin" (Gen 14:7; Num 13:3-26; 14:29-33; 20:1; 27:14), on the border of Edom (Num 20:16). From this place, in compliance with the desire of the people, Moses sent forth "twelve spies" to spy the land. After examining it in all its districts, the spies brought back an evil report, Joshua and Caleb alone giving a good report of the land (Num 13:18-31). Influenced by the discouraging report, the people abandoned all hope of entering into the Promised Land. They remained a considerable time at Kadesh. (See HORMAH; KORAH) Because of their unbelief, they were condemned by God to wander for thirty-eight years in the wilderness. They took their journey from Kadesh into the deserts of Paran, "by way of the Red Sea" (Deut 2:1). (One theory is that during these thirty-eight years they remained in and about Kadesh).
At the end of these years of wanderings, the tribes were a second time gathered together at Kadesh. During their stay here at this time Miriam died and was buried. Here the people murmured for want of water, as their forefathers had done formerly at Rephidim; and Moses, irritated by their chidings, "with his rod smote the rock twice," instead of "speaking to the rock before their eyes," as the Lord had commanded him [comp. (Num 27:14; Deut 9:23; Ps 106:32; 106:33)]. Because of this act of his, in which Aaron too was involved, neither of them was to be permitted to set foot within the Promised Land (Num 20:12; 20:24). The king of Edom would not permit them to pass on through his territory, and therefore they commenced an eastward march, and "came unto Mount Hor" (Num 20:22).
This place has been identified with 'Ain el-Kadeis, about 12 miles east-south-east of Beersheba. (See SPIES)
EBD - Easton's Bible Dictionary