Wilderness

(1.) Heb. midhbar, denoting not a barren desert but a district or region suitable for pasturing sheep and cattle (Ps 65:12; Isa 42:11; Jer 23:10; Joel 1:19; 2:22); an uncultivated place. This word is used of the wilderness of Beersheba (Gen 21:14), on the southern border of Palestine; the wilderness of the Red Sea (Ex 13:18); of Shur (Ex 15:22), a portion of the Sinaitic peninsula; of Sin (Ex 17:1), Sinai (Lev 7:38), Moab (Deut 2:8), Judah (Judg 1:16), Ziph, Maon, En-gedi (1Sam 23:14 ; 23:24; 24:1), Jeruel and Tekoa (2Chr 20:16; 20:20), Kadesh (Ps 29:8).

"The wilderness of the sea" (Isa 21:1). Principal Douglas, referring to this expression, says: "A mysterious name, which must be meant to describe Babylon [See especially (Isa 21:9)], perhaps because it became the place of discipline to God's people, as the wilderness of the Red Sea had been [comp. (Ezek 20:35)]. Otherwise it is in contrast with the symbolic title in (Isa 22:1). Jerusalem is the "valley of vision," rich in spiritual husbandry; whereas Babylon, the rival centre of influence, is spiritually barren and as restless as the sea [comp. (Isa 57:20)]." A Short Analysis of the O.T.

(2.) Jeshimon, a desert waste (Deut 32:10; Ps 68:7).

(3.) 'Arabah, the name given to the valley from the Dead Sea to the eastern branch of the Red Sea. In (Deut 1:1; 2:8), it is rendered "plain" (R.V., "Arabah").

(4.) Tziyyah, a "dry place" (Ps 78:17; 105:41).

(5.) Tohu, a "desolate" place, a place "waste" or "unoccupied" [(Deut 32:10; Job 12:24); comp. (Gen 1:2), "without form"].

The wilderness region in the Sinaitic peninsula through which for forty years the Hebrews wandered is generally styled "the wilderness of the wanderings." This entire region is in the form of a triangle, having its base toward the north and its apex toward the south. Its extent from north to south is about 250 miles, and at its widest point it is about 150 miles broad. Throughout this vast region of some 1,500 square miles there is not a single river. The northern part of this triangular peninsula is properly the "wilderness of the wanderings" (et-Tih). The western portion of it is called the "wilderness of Shur" (Ex 15:22), and the eastern the "wilderness of Paran."

The "wilderness of Judea" (Matt 3:1) is a wild, barren region, lying between the Dead Sea and the Hebron Mountains. It is the "Jeshimon" mentioned in (1Sam 23:19 ).

EBD - Easton's Bible Dictionary