Kadeša-Barnea
Apraksts
Kādeša — svēta, vai Kādeša-Barnea, svētais klejojumu tuksnesis, vieta uz Palestīnas dienvidaustrumu robežas, apmēram 165 jūdzes no Horeba. Tā atradās "Cina tuksnesī" (1Moz 14:7 ; 4Moz 13:3 –26; 4Moz 14:29 –33; 4Moz 20:1 ; 4Moz 27:14 ), uz Edoma robežas [4Moz 20:16 ]. No šīs vietas, atbilstoši tautas vēlmēm, Mozus sūtīja "divpadsmit izlūkus" izpētīt zemi. Pēc tās izpētes visos tās rajonos, izlūki atgriezās ar sliktu ziņojumu, tikai Jozua un Kālebs sniedza labu ziņojumu par zemi [4Moz 13:18 –31]. Ietekmējoties no atturošā ziņojuma, tauta atteicās no cerības ieiet Apsolītajā Zemē. Viņi ilgu laiku palika Kādešā. (Skatīt HORMAH; KORAH.) Savas neticības dēļ Dievs viņus sodīja ar klejojumu trīsdesmit astoņus gadus tuksnesī. Viņi devās ceļā no Kādešas uz Paranas tuksnešiem, "pa Sarkanās jūras ceļu" [5Moz 2:1 ]. (Viena teorija ir, ka šo trīsdesmit astoņu gadu laikā viņi palika Kādešā un tās apkārtnē.)
Šo klejojumu gadu beigās ciltis otrreiz sapulcējās Kādešā. Šajā laikā, kad viņi uzturējās šeit, Mirjama nomira un tika apglabāta. Šeit tauta sūdzējās par ūdens trūkumu, kā to agrāk bija darījuši viņu senči Rephidimā; un Mozus, aizkaitināts viņu pārmetumu dēļ, "ar savu zizli divreiz sita klinti", nevis "runāja ar klinti viņu acu priekšā", kā Tas Kungs viņam bija pavēlējis (salīdz. 4Moz 27:14 ; 5Moz 9:23 ; Ps 106:32 , 33). Šī viņa akta dēļ, kurā arī Ārons bija iesaistīts, neviens no viņiem netika atļauts ieiet Apsolītajā Zemē [4Moz 20:12 , 24]. Edoma ķēniņš neļāva viņiem iziet cauri viņa teritorijai, tāpēc viņi sāka virzīties uz austrumiem un "nāca pie Hora kalna" [4Moz 20:22 ].
Šī vieta ir identificēta ar ‘Ain el-Kadeis, apmēram 12 jūdzes uz austrumdienvidaustrumiem no Bēršebas. (Skatīt IZLŪKI.)
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Kadesh (1)
holy, or Kadesh-Barnea, sacred desert of wandering, a place on the south-eastern border of Palestine, about 165 miles from Horeb. It lay in the "wilderness" or "desert of Zin" (Gen 14:7; Num 13:3-26; 14:29-33; 20:1; 27:14), on the border of Edom (Num 20:16). From this place, in compliance with the desire of the people, Moses sent forth "twelve spies" to spy the land. After examining it in all its districts, the spies brought back an evil report, Joshua and Caleb alone giving a good report of the land (Num 13:18-31). Influenced by the discouraging report, the people abandoned all hope of entering into the Promised Land. They remained a considerable time at Kadesh. (See HORMAH; KORAH) Because of their unbelief, they were condemned by God to wander for thirty-eight years in the wilderness. They took their journey from Kadesh into the deserts of Paran, "by way of the Red Sea" (Deut 2:1). (One theory is that during these thirty-eight years they remained in and about Kadesh).
At the end of these years of wanderings, the tribes were a second time gathered together at Kadesh. During their stay here at this time Miriam died and was buried. Here the people murmured for want of water, as their forefathers had done formerly at Rephidim; and Moses, irritated by their chidings, "with his rod smote the rock twice," instead of "speaking to the rock before their eyes," as the Lord had commanded him [comp. (Num 27:14; Deut 9:23; Ps 106:32 ; 106:33)]. Because of this act of his, in which Aaron too was involved, neither of them was to be permitted to set foot within the Promised Land (Num 20:12; 20:24). The king of Edom would not permit them to pass on through his territory, and therefore they commenced an eastward march, and "came unto Mount Hor" (Num 20:22).
This place has been identified with 'Ain el-Kadeis, about 12 miles east-south-east of Beersheba. (See SPIES)
EBD - Easton's Bible Dictionary