Kadesh-barnea
Penerangan
Kadesh — suci, atau Kadesh-Barnea, padang gurun suci pengembaraan, sebuah tempat di sempadan tenggara Palestin, kira-kira 165 batu dari Horeb. Ia terletak di "padang gurun" atau "padang pasir Zin" [Kej 14:7 ; Bil 13:3 -26; Bil 14:29 -33; Bil 20:1 ; Bil 27:14 ], di sempadan Edom [Bil 20:16 ]. Dari tempat ini, atas kehendak rakyat, Musa menghantar "dua belas pengintip" untuk mengintip tanah itu. Setelah memeriksanya di semua daerah, para pengintip membawa kembali laporan buruk, Yosua dan Kaleb sahaja yang memberikan laporan baik tentang tanah itu [Bil 13:18 -31]. Dipengaruhi oleh laporan yang mengecewakan, rakyat meninggalkan semua harapan untuk memasuki Tanah Perjanjian. Mereka tinggal lama di Kadesh. (Lihat HORMAH; KORAH.) Kerana ketidakpercayaan mereka, mereka dihukum oleh Tuhan untuk mengembara selama tiga puluh lapan tahun di padang gurun. Mereka memulakan perjalanan dari Kadesh ke padang pasir Paran, "melalui jalan Laut Merah" [Ulg 2:1 ]. (Satu teori adalah bahawa selama tiga puluh lapan tahun ini mereka tinggal di dan sekitar Kadesh.)
Pada akhir tahun-tahun pengembaraan ini, suku-suku sekali lagi berkumpul di Kadesh. Semasa mereka tinggal di sini kali ini, Miriam meninggal dunia dan dikebumikan. Di sini rakyat mengeluh kerana kekurangan air, seperti yang dilakukan oleh nenek moyang mereka dahulu di Rephidim; dan Musa, yang marah dengan teguran mereka, "dengan tongkatnya memukul batu itu dua kali," bukannya "berbicara kepada batu itu di depan mata mereka," seperti yang diperintahkan oleh Tuhan kepadanya (bandingkan [Bil 27:14 ; Ulg 9:23 ; Maz 106:32 , 33]). Kerana tindakan ini, di mana Harun juga terlibat, mereka berdua tidak dibenarkan menjejakkan kaki ke dalam Tanah Perjanjian [Bil 20:12 , 24]. Raja Edom tidak membenarkan mereka melalui wilayahnya, dan oleh itu mereka memulakan perjalanan ke arah timur, dan "sampai ke Gunung Hor" [Bil 20:22 ].
Tempat ini telah dikenal pasti dengan 'Ain el-Kadeis, kira-kira 12 batu timur-tenggara dari Beersheba. (Lihat PENGINTIP.)
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maklumat dari kamus
Kadesh (1)
holy, or Kadesh-Barnea, sacred desert of wandering, a place on the south-eastern border of Palestine, about 165 miles from Horeb. It lay in the "wilderness" or "desert of Zin" (Gen 14:7; Num 13:3-26; 14:29-33; 20:1; 27:14), on the border of Edom (Num 20:16). From this place, in compliance with the desire of the people, Moses sent forth "twelve spies" to spy the land. After examining it in all its districts, the spies brought back an evil report, Joshua and Caleb alone giving a good report of the land (Num 13:18-31). Influenced by the discouraging report, the people abandoned all hope of entering into the Promised Land. They remained a considerable time at Kadesh. (See HORMAH; KORAH) Because of their unbelief, they were condemned by God to wander for thirty-eight years in the wilderness. They took their journey from Kadesh into the deserts of Paran, "by way of the Red Sea" (Deut 2:1). (One theory is that during these thirty-eight years they remained in and about Kadesh).
At the end of these years of wanderings, the tribes were a second time gathered together at Kadesh. During their stay here at this time Miriam died and was buried. Here the people murmured for want of water, as their forefathers had done formerly at Rephidim; and Moses, irritated by their chidings, "with his rod smote the rock twice," instead of "speaking to the rock before their eyes," as the Lord had commanded him [comp. (Num 27:14; Deut 9:23; Ps 106:32; 106:33)]. Because of this act of his, in which Aaron too was involved, neither of them was to be permitted to set foot within the Promised Land (Num 20:12; 20:24). The king of Edom would not permit them to pass on through his territory, and therefore they commenced an eastward march, and "came unto Mount Hor" (Num 20:22).
This place has been identified with 'Ain el-Kadeis, about 12 miles east-south-east of Beersheba. (See SPIES)
EBD - Easton's Bible Dictionary