Кадис-Барнија
Опис
Kadeš — sveto mesto, ili Kadeš-Barnea, sveti pustinjski prostor lutanja, mesto na jugoistočnoj granici Palestine, oko 265 kilometara od Horeba. Nalazio se u „pustinji“ ili „pustinji Sina“ [Post 14:7 ; Br 13:3 –26; Br 14:29 –33; Br 20:1 ; Br 27:14 ], na granici Edoma [Br 20:16 ]. Sa ovog mesta, u skladu sa željom naroda, Mojsije je poslao „dvanaest uhoda“ da izvide zemlju. Nakon što su je ispitali u svim njenim oblastima, uhode su donele loš izveštaj, dok su Isus Navin i Halev jedini dali dobar izveštaj o zemlji [Br 13:18 –31]. Pod uticajem obeshrabrujućeg izveštaja, narod je izgubio svaku nadu da će ući u Obećanu zemlju. Ostali su znatno vreme u Kadešu. (Vidi HORMA; KORAH.) Zbog svog neverovanja, bili su osuđeni od Boga da lutaju trideset osam godina po pustinji. Krenuli su na put iz Kadeša u pustinje Parana, „putem Crvenog mora“ [Pnz 2:1 ]. (Jedna teorija je da su tokom ovih trideset osam godina ostali u i oko Kadeša.)
Na kraju ovih godina lutanja, plemena su se po drugi put okupila u Kadešu. Tokom njihovog boravka ovde, Mirjam je umrla i bila sahranjena. Ovde su ljudi mrmljali zbog nedostatka vode, kao što su njihovi preci ranije činili u Refidimu; i Mojsije, iziritiran njihovim prigovorima, „štapom udari stenu dvaput,“ umesto da „govori steni pred njihovim očima,“ kako mu je Gospod zapovedio (uporedi [Br 27:14 ; Pnz 9:23 ; Ps 106:32 , 33]). Zbog ovog njegovog dela, u kojem je i Aron bio umešan, nijednom od njih nije bilo dopušteno da kroči u Obećanu zemlju [Br 20:12 , 24]. Kralj Edoma nije im dozvolio da prođu kroz njegovu teritoriju, te su zato započeli marš prema istoku, i „došli su na goru Hor“ [Br 20:22 ].
Ovo mesto je identifikovano sa ‘Ain el-Kadeis, oko 19 kilometara istočno-jugoistočno od Bersebe. (Vidi UHODE.)
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Kadesh (1)
holy, or Kadesh-Barnea, sacred desert of wandering, a place on the south-eastern border of Palestine, about 165 miles from Horeb. It lay in the "wilderness" or "desert of Zin" (Gen 14:7; Num 13:3-26; 14:29-33; 20:1; 27:14), on the border of Edom (Num 20:16). From this place, in compliance with the desire of the people, Moses sent forth "twelve spies" to spy the land. After examining it in all its districts, the spies brought back an evil report, Joshua and Caleb alone giving a good report of the land (Num 13:18-31). Influenced by the discouraging report, the people abandoned all hope of entering into the Promised Land. They remained a considerable time at Kadesh. (See HORMAH; KORAH) Because of their unbelief, they were condemned by God to wander for thirty-eight years in the wilderness. They took their journey from Kadesh into the deserts of Paran, "by way of the Red Sea" (Deut 2:1). (One theory is that during these thirty-eight years they remained in and about Kadesh).
At the end of these years of wanderings, the tribes were a second time gathered together at Kadesh. During their stay here at this time Miriam died and was buried. Here the people murmured for want of water, as their forefathers had done formerly at Rephidim; and Moses, irritated by their chidings, "with his rod smote the rock twice," instead of "speaking to the rock before their eyes," as the Lord had commanded him [comp. (Num 27:14; Deut 9:23; Ps 106:32 ; 106:33)]. Because of this act of his, in which Aaron too was involved, neither of them was to be permitted to set foot within the Promised Land (Num 20:12; 20:24). The king of Edom would not permit them to pass on through his territory, and therefore they commenced an eastward march, and "came unto Mount Hor" (Num 20:22).
This place has been identified with 'Ain el-Kadeis, about 12 miles east-south-east of Beersheba. (See SPIES)
EBD - Easton's Bible Dictionary